Eskom has the privilege to claim rebates for every litre of diesel it buys and uses to manage the energy crisis through the VAT system from the SA Revenue Service (Sars). In terms of the Customs and Excise Act, Eskom claims back from Sars the fuel and Road Accident Fund (RAF) levies imposed on every litre of diesel it purchases.
This means Eskom can claim at least R3.65 on every litre of diesel it uses for its gas turbines. Eskom claimed diesel rebates of R799m in 2020 and R1.6bn in 2021. This is some of the money it used to keep its business operating.
The reasoning by National Treasury for allowing Eskom and businesses in certain industries such as mining, farming, forestry, shipping, and rail to claim diesel rebates is mainly that these industries do not use road infrastructure and should not be required to subsidise industries that do. Further, they should not be subsidising the Road Accident Fund that compensates victims of road accidents. However, this reasoning is equally applicable to many other industries that are now forced to use diesel to keep their doors, or their businesses, open during the constant blackouts.
In the past few months, South Africans have experienced an unprecedented increase in load-shedding. This is because of Eskom’s inability to keep its electricity generation capacity to acceptable levels. Experts say Eskom cannot properly maintain its aging coal power stations and it is unable to bring “new” power stations such as Kusile and Medupi properly online, or keep them operating optimally.
Many businesses cannot operate during blackouts and are forced to shut their doors. And other businesses keep operating by using alternative power sources such as solar or diesel-powered generators, which means increased costs – costs that are difficult to manage because of the constantly increasing price of diesel.
With the increase in the global crude oil prices since the war in Ukraine, diesel prices have been on a sharp rise over the past few months to over R25 a litre. The blackouts have led to businesses in the tourism, hospitality and property sectors having to use diesel generators regularly. Shopping malls are using generators for power, as is the case for restaurants and shops at risk of loss of stock that must be kept frozen.
Similar to Eskom, these businesses do not use road infrastructure and so should not be subsidising the RAF and other businesses that do. We call on the minister of finance to extend the diesel rebates to such businesses, considering that Eskom’s inability to keep the lights on is the root cause of their need to use diesel.
This should be fairly easy to implement as these businesses are already registered VAT vendors and Sars would be able to manage the resultant increased diesel rebate claims.
While the fuel rebates assist Eskom, other businesses' cash flow has been negatively affected by the lack of consistent power provision. Many businesses are forced to spend money they don’t necessarily have on diesel generators. It is therefore fair that other companies should enjoy the same privilege to earn rebates for spending on diesel and suffering through the blackouts.
The R3.65 rebate per litre these businesses will be able to claim back will definitely improve their cash flow, increasing their chance of survival. This is another mechanism the government can use to save much-needed jobs. Loss of revenue to the fiscus due to the expanded diesel rebate regime would be minimal in comparison to the impact of the closure of many businesses unable to survive because of the negative impact of new and uncontrolled costs. In any case, the government should not benefit from its inability to effectively manage Eskom but must help SA survive it.
• Mofokeng is director & head of tax at CMS South Africa
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